The APG system has some clades with names in English, like “monocots” and “asterids”. What do you call them when speaking a language other than English and Latin? What do you call them in Latin?
Good question, Asterids are called Superasterids. Eudicots are called Magnoliidae for example. I would assume these clades would be said the same way in other languages, no different than the scientific name of species in different languages like Physalis longifolia, Brassica oleracea, Pinus strobus, etc.
I think since these are scientific taxons technically, the same rule would apply no?
I guess you look at Wikipedia in the language you need, for example wikipedia in france calls monocots “Monocotylédone”.
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monocotylédone
English has rules for converting ranked botanical taxon names to vernacular adjectives and less often nouns, using the suffices -oid (n., adj.) for subfamilies, -aceous (adj.) for families, -alean (adj.) for orders, -id (n., adj.) for subclasses, -opsid (n., adj.) for classes, and -phyte (n., adj.) for phyla. Other languages have different rules.
APG did not publish their names for supraordinal names under the provisions of any nomenclatural code. Under PhyloCode the names are Asteridae, Superasteridae and Eudicotyledonae. For Phylocode names ending in -idae and -phyta the rules for classes and phyla are adopted.
(Asterids and superasterids are not the same - superasterids also include Berberidopsales, Santales and Caryophyllales in addition to Asteridae. Under PhyloCode Magnoliidae is distinct from Eudicotlydonae; it corresponds to the 4 APG magnoliid orders. Under ICNafp, depending on the writer, it could apply to the magnoliids, to Mesangiospermae, or to Angiospermae.)
My interpretation is that terms like asterids are English vernacular nouns and don’t automatically transfer to other languages. For example in French the asterids are les astéridés (that word is also used for starfish - class Asteroidea).