How do you deal with initial IDs "by association"?

I would say it depends a lot on the type of organism and the exact situation described.

Someone telling me this must be the same type of wolf spider as the other that was IDed because it was on the same location… well, difficult with organisms that coexist and are rather mobile..

Someone telling me they observed exclusively adults of a certain bug on a host plant so this larvae is probably the same species… yeah, why not, I buy it.

I think your suggested course of action - adding a non-disagreeing coarser ID and maybe some.comment - seems reasonable.