Greetings. I uploaded an observation of a Black-throated Blue Warbler (Setophaga caerulescens) which was clearly, by morphology, subspecies cairnsi (“Appalachian”), but I was not (as far as I can tell) given the option of identifying it at the subspecific level.
I notice you used the computer vision suggestion to do the ID. The computer vision tool does not suggest down to subspecies level, only species. If you wish to add a subspecies level ID you need to type it in by hand. In most cases this means starting to type the scientific name as most subspecies do not have common names.
To answer the question in the general case, iNat aligns with the subspecies included in the latest Clements checklist. Occasionally there is an omission, typically when it’s a subspecies that isn’t field identifiable but those can be added by curators.