That top observation is of a fern and is shown correctly in the browser My Observations view.
I have also had issues in past with Android up switching images in records or uploading no images despite them being shown correctly in the app - creating great confusion because other users say they can of course not see anything to justify my identification.
About your second thought of Android app — always check how the observation is uploaded with mobile browser, app creates lots of opportunities to loose images.
@don_k can you please send a log file to help@inaturalist.org? To send a log file, go to the Settings tab in the app and tap three times on the version number. You will then have the option to email the log file to us.
This issue should be fixed now, although it’s possible it could still happen. If it does, please:
don’t edit the observations on the website, but do send URLs of those observations to help@inaturalist.org.
Also, before upload, I had accidentally chosen the (incorrect, shown) photo of the grass ((actually to be more precise my cat stepped on the screen and chose it for me lol)), then deleted it and replaced it with the Malva photo.