OK, my report was closed so I will reference it here https://forum.inaturalist.org/t/the-new-andoid-app-version-now-uses-a-very-restricted-photo-picker/44809/2
I would like to stress that the problem I tried to make attention to is NOT just in getting the location.
NOT AT ALL!!!
Actually, I do not even know get access to the photos I would like to add in the first place! It is really important to get the access to the other gallery apps.
It is also important to note that it is NOT caused by Android system update but really by the iNaturalist app update and that other apps on the very same phone are still fine and the last system update happened months ago. Maybe it comes from binding the app with a newer Android API.
I think an older version from apkmirror or similar is the only way to get a functional app at the moment.
Also, there isn’t really any “Browse” available in the menu. The picker does really only show a few last photos and nothing else.